Karva Chauth or Karwa Chauth, is a revered annual festival observed predominantly by married Hindu women, for their husbands’ longevity, prosperity, and safety. These devoted wives abstain from consuming even a drop of water or food (so aptly called Nirjala Vrat) from the break of dawn until the sighting of the moon in the night sky. After sighting the moon, wives break their fast by partaking a morsel of food and a sip of water from their husbands’ hands.
Throughout the day, prayers are offered to Goddess Gauri, an embodiment of Parvati, seeking her blessings for the longevity and well-being of their husbands. Devotees also pray to Lord Ganesha, Lord Shiva and Lord Kartikeya.
This arduous fast, known as Nirjala Vrat, symbolizes unwavering commitment and love of the wives to their husband as they fervently pray for the well-being and prosperity of their life partners. This one-day celebration holds deep cultural significance and stands as the evidence of enduring bond of love and devotion between spouses.
Originating from the heartlands of Northern India, particularly in states like Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, and Rajasthan, this auspicious Karva Chauth festival falls on the fourth day (chaturthi) of the dark fortnight in the month of Kartik according to the Hindu lunar calendar. The festival also coincides with Sankashti Chaturthi, dedicated to Lord Ganesha’s worship.
The date of Karva Chauth, typically lands in the latter half of October. This year Karwa Chauth will be observed on 20th October 2024, Sunday.
The name “Karva Chauth” itself embodies the essence of the festival. “Karva” refers to an earthen pot with a spout, while “Chauth” signifies the fourth day. The ceremonial use of the earthen pot holds immense symbolism, as women employ it to offer water to the moon during the evening rituals.
Legend has it that Karva Chauth originated from the earnest prayers of women for the safe return of their husbands from distant battles. Over time, it has evolved into a celebration serving as a platform to strengthen familial bonds and express gratitude for marital bliss.
The festival is adorned with captivating mythological tales, each narrating the power of love, determination, and faith. Among the cherished stories is that of Savitri and Satyavan, where Savitri’s unwavering devotion compelled Yama, the God of Death, to restore her husband’s life. Another poignant tale recounts the sacrifice of Veervati, whose steadfast resolve and year-long penance led to the resurrection of her deceased husband.
Karva Chauth is not just a ritualistic observance; it embodies the enduring spirit of love and commitment shared between married couples. It serves as a reminder of the sacred vows exchanged in marriage, reaffirming the bond that withstands the tests of time and adversity.